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D-flat major is a major scale based on D-flat, consisting of the pitches , , F, , , and C. Its key signature has five flats. Its relative minor is B-flat minor. Its parallel minor is D-flat minor, usually replaced by C-sharp minor, since D-flat minor, which would contain a double-flat in the key signature, is rarely used for practical composing and arranging, with a similar problem with C-sharp major. Therefore, D-flat major is quite often used as the parallel major for C-sharp minor. For example, in his Prelude No. 15 in D-flat major ("Raindrop"), Frédéric Chopin switches from D-flat major to C-sharp minor for the middle section in the parallel minor, while in his Fantaisie-Impromptu, primarily in C-sharp minor, he switches to D-flat major for the middle section for the opposite reason. Ferdinand Ries' third concerto likewise switches to D-flat major for a while for the return of the second theme in the first movement. D-flat major is enharmonic to C-sharp major. In music for the harp, D-flat major would be preferable, not only for the reason that harp strings are more resonant in the flat position, but also because modulation to the dominant key is easier (by putting the G pedal in the natural position, whereas there is no double-sharp position in which to put the F pedal for G-sharp major). ==Compositions in D-flat major== Hector Berlioz called this key "majestic" in his 1856 ''Grand Traité d'Instrumentation et d'Orchestration modernes'', while having a much different opinion of its enharmonic counterpart. Despite this, when he came to orchestrate Carl Maria von Weber's piano piece ''Invitation to the Dance'' in 1841, he transposed it from D-flat to D major, to give the strings a more manageable key and to produce a brighter sound.〔(The Hector Berlioz Website )〕 Charles-Marie Widor considered D-flat major to be the best key for flute music.〔Charles-Marie Widor, ''Manual of Practical Instrumentation'' translated by Edward Suddard, Revised Edition. London: Joseph Williams, Ltd. (1946) Reprinted Mineola, New York: Dover (2005): 11. "No key suits it (flute ) better than D ()."〕 Although this key was relatively unexplored during the Baroque and Classical periods, Franz Schubert used it quite frequently in his sets of écossaises, valses and so on, as well as entering it and even flatter keys in his sonatas, impromptus and the like. Ludwig van Beethoven, too, used this key extensively in his second piano concerto. D-flat major was used as the key for the slow movements of Joseph Haydn's Piano Sonata Hob XI:46 in A-flat major, and Beethoven's Apassionata sonata. The flattened pitches of D-flat major correspond to the black keys of the piano, and there is much significant piano music written in this key. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1 is written in B-flat minor, but the famous opening theme is in D-flat major. Sergei Rachmaninoff composed the famous 18th variation of his ''Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini'' in this key, perhaps emphasizing the generally held view that D-flat major is the most romantically flavoured of the major keys; and his friend Nikolai Medtner similarly chose it for the sensually romantic "big tune" in the last movement of his "Ballade" Piano Concerto No. 3. Claude Debussy also composed the famous ''Clair de lune'' in this key, with a significant section in C-sharp minor. Edvard Grieg composed the second movement of his Piano Concerto in D-flat. Frédéric Chopin's Nocturne in D-flat, Op. 27, is in this key. Franz Liszt composed heavily in this key, with his most recognizable piece being the third movement of his piano composition S. 144 ''Trois études de concert'', dubbed "Un sospiro". Liszt took advantage of the piano's configuration of the key and used it to create an arpeggiating melody using alternating hands. In orchestral music the examples are fewer. Gustav Mahler concluded his last completed Ninth Symphony with an adagio in D-flat major, rather than the home key of D major of the first movement. Antonín Dvořák wrote the second movement of his Symphony No. 9 in D-flat major. Every other movement is in E minor. The first piano concerto of Sergei Prokofiev is also written in D-flat major, with a short slow movement in G-sharp minor. Choral writing explores D-flat infrequently, a notable example being Robert Schumann's ''Requiem'', Op. 148., and Gabriel Fauré's ''Cantique de Jean Racine''. The aria "Donde lieta usci" from Puccini's "La Boheme" is in the key of D flat major. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「D-flat major」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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